Impact of different groups of pesticides on the population dynamic of honey bee (Apis melifera L.)

Abstract

Losses of honey bees and decline in bee colonies are becoming continuous threat to the apicultural industry, such as food security and environmental stability. Decline the population of honey bees in the field of agriculture, insecticides could be the possible factor for global colony losses. The aim of present research was to assess the impact of selected pesticides from different groups. Such as pyrethroid, organophosphate and botanical pesticides was used to compare with control group. Botanical extracts were used with 3 concentrations (5%, 10%, and 20%). The  maximum mortality % of honey bees was observed on synthetic pesticides groups (organophosphate and pyrethroid), chlorpyrifos, trichlofon, and imidacloprid on (100%) after that profenofos treatment was associated with a high mortality rate (98.3%), Similarly pyrethroid group of pesticides lambda cyhalothrin (92%), clothianidin (87.3%), cypermethrin (80.3%) and bifenthrin (69.3%) as compared with control and botanical extracts. However on the plant base pesticides a maximum mortality % of honey bees was observed on Azadirachta indica 20% (17.6%) and stramonium leaves 20% (15%) as contrast with control group mortality rate (3.3%). Maximum repellency % of honey bees was observed on both (organophosphate and pyrethroid) groups of pesticides as compared with their respected control groups. While a less repellency % of honey bees was observed on all 3 concentrations of both botanicals plant based pesticides as compared with control.  It is concluded that synthetic pesticides have lethal effects on the survival and repellency percentage of honey bees as compard with botanical pesticides.