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Author Guidelines

Plagiarism: Plagiarism involves the use or close imitation of another author’s language and ideas, presenting them as one’s own original work. Duplicate publication, often referred to as self-plagiarism, occurs when an author reuses significant portions of their own previously published work without proper citation. Before the manuscript is sent for review, its similarity index will be assessed, and it must be 18% or lower. If plagiarism is discovered after publication, SCIENTIFIC PRESS (SMC-PRIVATE) LIMITED will notify the author’s institution and funding agencies to take appropriate action, and any instances of plagiarism will be documented in the published manuscript.

Manuscripts must be written in English, using the Cambria font at size 10, with single line spacing.

Tittle (15- 20 words): The title of a paper acts as a succinct summary of its content, emphasizing its primary focus and purpose. It should effectively convey the key elements of the research, including the topic, scope, and significance. A well-crafted title is clear, descriptive, and engaging, drawing readers in to explore the paper further. Shorter titles are often more effective at capturing attention and conveying the main idea efficiently.

List of Author(s)

Complete Name: Sana Batool

Affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences

Email address: Agrivet@sciplatform.com

Contract information: 0921234567890

Corresponding Author’s email address: Agrivet@sciplatform.com

Authors’ Contribution: Author contributions outline the specific roles and inputs of each author in the research study or paper. This may encompass activities such as conceptualization, methodology development, data collection, analysis, writing, reviewing, editing, and securing funding. Clearly specifying each author's contributions promotes transparency and accountability in collaborative research, ensuring that individual efforts are appropriately recognized.

ABSTRACT (250 to 300 words): The abstract captures the essence of the research study, offering readers a comprehensive overview of its scope, methodology, findings, and implications. By distilling the core elements of the research into a concise and coherent narrative, the abstract serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scholars, and practitioners seeking to understand, evaluate, and build upon the study's findings.

1. A well-crafted abstract should include several key components to effectively summarize the research study. Each point can be articulated within a 250 to 300-word framework.
2. It begins with a brief introduction to the topic and its significance, establishing the context by highlighting the broader relevance of the research within its field. This contextualization helps readers appreciate the importance of the study and sets the stage for further discussion.
3. Following the introduction, the abstract clearly states the main objective or purpose of the research, clarifying the specific aim or focus that guides the central inquiry.
4. The methodology section outlines the research design, data collection methods, and analytical techniques employed, providing readers with insights into the study's approach and rigor.
5. The abstract then summarizes the main findings or outcomes of the research, succinctly highlighting key results and significant trends, patterns, or correlations observed in the data.
6. Finally, by discussing the broader implications of the research, the abstract emphasizes its contribution to advancing knowledge and understanding within the field.

Keywords (Five or more): Keywords in a paper are terms or phrases that effectively capture its main topics or themes, facilitating indexing and search ability. It is essential that keywords do not repeat words already included in the title, as this promotes a broader representation of the paper's content and enhances discoverability.

INTRODUCTION: The introduction of a paper serves as a gateway to the research, offering readers essential background information and establishing the context for the study. It plays a vital role in orienting readers to the research topic, highlighting its significance, and outlining the study’s purpose and scope. By providing this foundational framework, the introduction prepares readers to engage with the subsequent sections of the paper and understand its contributions to the field.

1. The introduction begins by situating the research topic within the broader field or discipline, emphasizing its significance and relevance. This often involves reviewing previous studies or theoretical frameworks to establish context and demonstrate the existing knowledge base.
2. Next, it identifies the research gap or problem the study aims to address, highlighting areas where further investigation is necessary. By clearly delineating the gap in knowledge, the introduction underscores the rationale for the study and justifies its importance.
3. The introduction then outlines the specific objectives or aims of the research, clarifying what the study seeks to achieve. This may include stating the research questions or hypotheses that guide the investigation, providing a clear roadmap for the reader.
4. Additionally, the introduction may offer a brief preview of the methodology or approach that will be employed, giving readers insight into how the research will be conducted.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of a study defines the specific goals or purposes the research aims to achieve. In a 200-word statement, these objectives should clearly outline what the study intends to accomplish and how it plans to contribute to knowledge or address a specific research gap.

1. The objectives should precisely articulate the goals of the research, chosen based on the problem being investigated to provide a clear and focused direction for the study.
2. They should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART), ensuring clarity and feasibility.
3. These objectives guide the research process, helping to ensure that the study's findings make a meaningful contribution to knowledge or practice within the field.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The "Materials and Methods" section should thoroughly detail the procedures and techniques employed in the research, facilitating replication and validation of the study.

1. It begins by describing the materials used, including equipment, instruments, and reagents, along with their sources and characteristics. It then outlines the experimental design or research methodology, covering sampling procedures, study participants (if applicable), and any interventions or treatments administered.
2. This section further explains the data collection process, detailing the instruments used, the variables measured, and the methods of data acquisition.
3. Additionally, it should describe any statistical analyses or data processing techniques applied to the collected data, ensuring that enough detail is provided for other researchers to replicate the study accurately.
4. However, it's important to avoid unnecessary minutiae or irrelevant information. A clear, concise, and well-organized presentation of the materials and methods enhances the credibility and reproducibility of the research.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: The "Results" section presents the study's findings clearly and concisely, utilizing text, tables, and figures. It should start with a brief overview of the collected data and highlight the main outcomes of the study. Results are typically organized logically, following the order of the research objectives and methodology. Each finding should be reported objectively, without interpretation or speculation. The "Discussion" section interprets the results in relation to existing literature, theoretical frameworks, and the study's objectives. It analyzes the significance of the findings, identifies patterns or trends, and explores potential explanations for the observed outcomes. Furthermore, the discussion evaluates the implications of the results, considering their relevance to theory, practice, and future research. Any limitations of the study should be acknowledged, along with recommendations for addressing these issues in future investigations. Overall, the discussion synthesizes the findings, situates them within the broader field, and provides insights into their meaning and significance.

CONCLUSIONS: The conclusion should succinctly summarize the key findings, interpret their significance, acknowledge any limitations, and offer recommendations for future research or practice. It serves to reinforce the study's contributions to the field and highlights its relevance, ensuring that readers leave with a clear understanding of the study's implications and potential impact.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Authors should declare any potential conflicts of interest.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT (if any): The current study was conducted under the project number PSF-12432 funded by Pakistan Science Foundation. 

ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITY: This manuscript is original research, and it is not submitted in whole or in parts to another journal for publication.

INFORMED CONSENT: The author(s) have reviewed the whole manuscript and approved the final version of the manuscript before submission.

REFERENCES: The journal is using Endnote reference software for references. Download the journal's template for EndNote reference software by clicking here.

International System of Units (SI units) should be used to abbreviate the units. Tables and figures should be in editable form where applicable.

Figure 1: The bacterial strains selected for the current study i.e., B. cereus (3a), P. aeruginosa (DS4), B. nitratireducens (TP8), E. cloacae (A9G) and Pseudomonas sp. (B3).

Table 1. Recorded diversity indices of butterflies in Ghamot National Park during 2020-21

 Key: Forest zone “FZ”, scrubland zone “SLZ”, riparian zone “RZ”, Alpine zone “APZ”, Agricultural crop zone “ACZ”.  localities “L”

Proofread Version: After satisfactory revision and acceptance, the electronic proof read version of final manuscript will be sent to author(s) and only minor corrections in the text are allowed before publication. The final manuscripts will be available online but it will be published on its turn.

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

1. The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
2. The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, RTF, or WordPerfect document file format.
3. Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.
4. The text is single-spaced; uses a 12-point font; employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.
5. The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines, which is found in About the Journal.
6. If submitting to a peer-reviewed section of the journal, the instructions in Ensuring a Blind Review have been followed.

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